Northern Jungle Queen (Stichophthalma camadeva)

Butterflies and moths, belonging to the order Lepidoptera (derived from the Greek words “Lepis” meaning wing), are fascinating creatures within the animal kingdom. Their first traces appear in the Cretaceous period, about 135 million years ago, and they evolved into a well-developed order during the Tertiary era, around 65 million years ago. Lepidoptera comprise about 220 thousand species, with nearly 45 thousand being butterflies. The tropics boast the richest variety of butterflies, with tropical forests being havens for some of the most resplendent and fascinating species.

Few other insects can match the beauty and size of butterfly wings. Their wings seem to embody their very essence and soul. According to American naturalist Donald Culross Peatties, “Man with all his looms and dyes cannot create anything half so exquisite as a butterfly’s wing.” Despite their beauty, butterflies are among the weakest creatures on Earth and have little defense against predators. Nature has equipped them with wiles for survival, such as protective resemblance and mimicry.

Protective resemblance is exemplified by the kallima butterfly, which resembles a decayed leaf when at rest. Mimicry is observed in the Viceroy butterfly, which mimics the inedible Monarch to escape predators. The grace and beauty of butterflies have inspired poetry and lore across cultures. Unfortunately, many butterfly species are threatened with extinction due to habitat destruction by humans.

To celebrate the beauty of butterflies, the Indian Subcontinent has issued stamps featuring several endemic species:

1) Stichophthalma camadeva: Also known as the “Northern Jungle Queen,” this large and lovely butterfly frequents the forested hilly regions of Sikkim from May to September. Its markings and colors provide camouflage in its habitat, where it flies among dense vegetation.

2) Cethosia biblis: This species is known for its striking colors and patterns. It is found in various parts of the Indian Subcontinent and is admired by butterfly enthusiasts for its beauty.

3) Cyrestis achates: This butterfly is characterized by its elegant wing patterns and is found in forested areas of the Indian Subcontinent.

4) Teinopalpus imperialis: Known as the “Imperial Blue Morpho,” this species is renowned for its iridescent blue wings. It is found in certain regions of the Indian Subcontinent and is a favorite among collectors and enthusiasts alike.

These stamps serve as a tribute to the exquisite beauty and diversity of butterflies and highlight the need for their conservation.