50th Anniversary of Potato Research in India
Technical Data
| Date of Issue | April 1, 1985 |
|---|---|
| Denomination | 50 p |
| Quantity | 1,499,991 |
| Perforation | comb 13 |
| Printer | Security Printing Press, Nashik |
| Watermark | No Watermark |
| Colors | Multicolor |
| Catalog Codes |
Michel IN 1018 Stamp Number IN 1085 Yvert et Tellier IN 834 Stanley Gibbons IN 1156 |
| Themes | Agriculture | Anniversaries and Jubilees | Plants (Flora) |
Commemorative Stamp: 50 Years of Potato Research in India
The potato, originally from the Andean highlands, has become a staple food globally since its introduction to India in the 16th century. Its journey in India, from a novelty crop to a vital food source and economic asset, is a testament to the success of systematic potato research and development initiatives.
Historical Context and Importance
- Introduction to India: Introduced by the Portuguese or Spanish in the early 17th century, potatoes quickly spread across India. By the 17th century, Edward Terry noted their widespread cultivation in northern parts of the Mughal Empire, marking the beginning of their integration into Indian agriculture.
- Role in Indian Agriculture: Potatoes, alongside rice, wheat, maize, and millets, form a crucial part of the Indian diet. They thrive in diverse climates and soils, providing essential carbohydrates, minerals, and vitamins. Moreover, they serve as animal feed and are used in industries for alcohol and sugar production.
Evolution of Potato Cultivation in India
- Growth Statistics: Between 1950-51 and 1983-84, potato cultivation in India saw significant growth. The area under cultivation expanded 3.4 times, production increased 7.4 times, yield improved 2.2 times, and per capita production rose 3.3 times. This remarkable progress underscores the impact of research and development in enhancing potato cultivation.
- Research Initiatives: Organized potato research began in India in 1935 with the establishment of breeding and seed production stations in Simla, Kufri, and Bhowali. The Central Potato Research Institute (CPRI) was established in 1949 and has since spearheaded research across India through its network of research stations and the All India Coordinated Potato Improvement Project (AICPIP).
Achievements in Potato Research
- Improved Cultivars: Over 23 improved potato cultivars have been developed and released, including popular varieties like Kufri Chandramukhi, Kufri Jyoti, and Kufri Sindhuri. Recent additions like Kufri Bahar, Kufri Badshah, and Kufri Lalima continue to contribute to increased yields and disease resistance.
- Seed Production and Disease Management: Significant advancements have been made in scientific seed production methods, disease and pest management, and developing tailored agricultural practices for different agro-climatic zones in India.
Conclusion
The issuance of this commemorative postage stamp by the Indian Postal Department on 1 April 1985 celebrates 50 years of dedicated potato research in India. It recognizes the transformative impact of research in turning the potato into a vital component of India’s agriculture, ensuring food security, enhancing economic opportunities, and contributing to the nation’s agricultural resilience.
This commemorative stamp celebrates 50 years of dedicated potato research in India, highlighting the crop’s evolution from introduction to widespread cultivation and its role in ensuring food security and economic development.