Bhai Parmanand (1876-1947) Commemoration

Bhai Parmanand, affectionately known as “Devta Swarup,” was born in 1876 in Karayala, near Chakwal, District Jhelum (now in Pakistan). His early education took place in Chakwal, and he later graduated from the D.A.V. College in Lahore. He pursued post-graduate studies in History at the Presidency College in Calcutta but returned to Lahore to complete his M.A. degree in 1902 from Punjab University.

Joining the staff of D.A.V. College, Lahore, as a life-member with a vow to serve at a fixed allowance of Rs. 75, Bhai Paramanand worked as a Lecturer in History and Political Economics for many years. His association with Arya Samaj during his student days, particularly with leaders like Mahatma Hans Raj and Lala Lajpat Rai, shaped his outlook on social reforms.

Opposing the caste system, he founded the ‘Jat Pat Torak Mandal’ in 1922 to break caste barriers among Hindus, practicing what he preached. He advocated for the remarriage of widows, opposed untouchability, and promoted the use of Hindi as a medium of instruction. As a Vedic Missionary, he traveled to countries in Africa, North and South America.

During his time in Johannesburg, he impressed Gandhiji with his nobility and intellect, leading to a month-long stay as Gandhiji’s guest. His work included writing a History of India based on original research, which led to prosecution by the British Government.

Bhai Paramanand was involved in the Lahore Conspiracy Case due to his association with Lala Hr Dayal and the Gadar party, resulting in a death sentence commuted to transportation for life. He served time in Cellular Jail, Port Blair, from 1914 to 1920, released due to concerns about his failing health and family conditions raised by C.F. Andrews and Gandhiji.

At the insistence of Gandhiji and Lala Lajpat Rai, he became Chancellor of Quami Vidyapeeth, Professor of History, and Chairman of the Board of Education. He was known for leading a simple life, with austerity as the keynote, and was an eminent leader of the Hindu Mahasabha.

Bhai Paramanand advocated for India’s complete independence from foreign domination and vehemently opposed its partition. He passed away in Jullundur on December 8, 1947. The Posts and Telegraphs Department honors his sacrifice, selflessness, dedication, tenacity, and fearlessness by issuing a commemorative stamp in his honor.