Centenary “Vande Mataram” (Patriotic Song)

“Vande Mataram,” the timeless song composed by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay, holds a revered place in Indian history. While it was first introduced in Chattopadhyay’s Bengali novel “Anandamath” in 1881, evidence suggests its independent composition in 1875. Sri Aurobindo, writing in the English daily “Bande Mataram” in April 1907, noted its creation 32 years prior.

In “Anandamath,” Chattopadhyay depicted sanyasis dedicating their lives to their motherland, portraying the motherland as a divine entity worshipped above all else. This sentiment was echoed in “Vande Mataram,” which became an anthem of patriotism and nationalist fervor during India’s freedom struggle.

According to Sri Aurobindo, Chattopadhyay conveyed three key elements essential for serving the motherland: complete self-sacrifice (Tyaga), self-discipline and organization, and patriotism itself as a religion. These ideas resonated powerfully in the song, inspiring millions of freedom fighters.

Rabindranath Tagore set “Vande Mataram” to music and performed it at Indian National Congress sessions in 1896 and 1906. Its impact was profound, alarming colonial rulers who banned its recitation in schools, colleges, and public spaces. Despite repression, the song’s fame spread globally, symbolizing India’s struggle for freedom.

Mahatma Gandhi hailed “Vande Mataram” as deeply ingrained in the hearts of millions, stirring patriotism across Bengal and beyond. Jawaharlal Nehru declared it the premier national song of India, intimately connected with the nation’s freedom struggle.

Although Tagore’s “Jana-gana-mana” was adopted as India’s national anthem at independence, “Vande Mataram” retained equal status. Its first stanza, rich with imagery and devotion to the motherland, epitomizes the song’s significance.

The commemorative postage stamp issued by the Posts and Telegraphs Department honors the legacy of “Vande Mataram,” symbolizing the spirit of India’s freedom struggle and the enduring patriotism it inspired.