Industrial Development

Industrial development in India began over half a century ago, with major industries such as cotton textiles, jute, cement, sugar, paper, iron and steel, and glass leading the way. Cotton textiles, once the most significant industry, contributed more than one-third to total industrial development in the organized sector in 1950. However, its share has since decreased to 11 percent due to the growth of other industries in both the public and private sectors.

After independence, industrial development received a renewed impetus, leading to a significant rise in the index of industrial production from 100 in 1951 to 356 in 1975. This growth was not merely a multiplication of traditional industries but also the establishment of new ones. India has emerged as one of the first ten largest industrialized countries globally.

Industrialization aims at economic development and self-reliance, with a focus on producing equipment, machinery, and advanced technical skills. The development of machinery, both mechanical and electrical, now constitutes a substantial part of industrial output. Additionally, industries producing transportation equipment, electronics, light engineering, chemicals, and consumer goods have emerged.

India’s industrial development has enabled it to absorb foreign technology and develop its own, leading to the establishment of joint ventures in more than 22 countries. Currently, there are over 16,500 registered factories employing over 5.1 million workers and generating significant output.

The Fifth Five Year Plan outlines an ambitious program for industrial development, aiming for an average annual growth of 8.5 percent in industrial production. In recognition of this progress, the Posts and Telegraphs Department is proud to issue a special postage stamp commemorating Indian industries.