Major Somnath Sharma, Pvc

First Recipient of the Param Vir Chakra

Introduction

It is often said that the progress of a nation is independent of the efforts of individuals. Yet history shows that some individuals rise to such extraordinary heights that they alter the course and character of a nation. One such heroic figure in the annals of Indian military history is Major Somnath Sharma.

His unmatched courage and patriotism not only led his company to resist overwhelming enemy forces but also inspired generations of soldiers to serve the nation with dedication and self-sacrifice. For his extraordinary bravery, he became the first recipient of the Param Vir Chakra, India’s highest military honour.

Early Life and Education

Major Somnath Sharma was born in 1923 into a distinguished family of soldiers and doctors. He received his schooling at the Rashtriya Indian Military College in Dehradun, where he proved to be an outstanding student as well as an excellent sportsman.

He later secured admission to the Indian Military Academy and was commissioned into the 19th Hyderabad Regiment in 1942, joining its 8th Battalion. Major Sharma quickly adapted to military life and enthusiastically embraced the demanding challenges of the army.

Military Service and Experience

During World War II, his regiment served in Burma under the command of K. S. Thimayya. In one dangerous incident during the campaign, a Japanese hand grenade landed in his trench but fortunately did not explode, saving him from certain death.

Later, Major Sharma served on the staff of Thimayya when he commanded the 51 Indian Brigade. Around this time, the 8/19th and 4/19th battalions were merged to form the 4th Battalion Kumaon Regiment.

Defence of Kashmir – The Battle of Badgam

In 1947, tribal raiders invaded Kashmir in large numbers. Major Sharma’s regiment was urgently called to join the forces sent to defend the region and protect Srinagar.

Although he had broken his wrist and his arm was in plaster, Major Sharma insisted on accompanying his men. His ‘D’ Company was among the first units deployed after landing at Srinagar and was immediately sent to hold the enemy advance at Badgam.

Soon, his company of about a hundred soldiers faced a massive assault by nearly 700 enemy fighters armed with mortars, light machine guns and rifles. Completely outnumbered and attacked from three sides, the company began to suffer heavy casualties.

Heroism in the Face of Danger

Understanding the critical importance of holding the position to protect Srinagar and its airfield, Major Sharma urged his men to fight bravely and hold their ground. Ignoring heavy enemy fire and his own injury, he moved repeatedly across open ground encouraging his soldiers to continue the fight.

He also laid out cloth strips on the ground to guide Indian aircraft to enemy targets. When casualties reduced the effectiveness of machine gunners, Major Sharma personally filled magazines and supplied them to the gunners despite his arm being in plaster.

During the intense battle, a mortar shell exploded in the middle of the ammunition he was distributing, killing him instantly. However, his company held the position for nearly six hours, delaying the enemy advance long enough for reinforcements to reach Humhama and block the route to Srinagar.

Recognition and Legacy

Major Somnath Sharma’s courage, leadership and selfless sacrifice remain among the finest examples of military heroism in the history of the Indian Army. For his inspiring leadership and supreme sacrifice, he was posthumously awarded the Param Vir Chakra, becoming the first recipient of this prestigious decoration.

To honour this valiant soldier, India Post released a commemorative postage stamp bearing his photograph, paying tribute to his bravery and immortal sacrifice for the nation.