Mahabalipuram

Historical Background

Mahabalipuram, also known as Mamallapuram, was an important ancient port town of the Pallava dynasty, who ruled large parts of South India with their capital at Kancheepuram. The port played a vital role in maritime trade and cultural exchange, linking South India with Southeast Asia and beyond.

Need for a Lighthouse

With the development of Madras (Chennai) Port, the need arose for a lighthouse at Mahabalipuram to warn ships approaching the coast from the south about the dangers posed by the nearby Tripasore Reef. To ensure safe navigation, a lighthouse was erected at Mahabalipuram in 1887 as part of the coastal safety measures for maritime traffic.

Construction of the Present Lighthouse

The construction of the present lighthouse, a circular granite tower rising to a height of 26 metres, was completed in the year 1900. The sturdy granite structure was designed to withstand harsh coastal conditions and remains an enduring feature of the town’s seascape.

Lighting Apparatus and Range

The lighting apparatus for the lighthouse was supplied by M/s Chance Brothers, Birmingham, a renowned manufacturer of lighthouse optics. A second-order revolving optic fitted with a 55 mm petroleum vapour burner was commissioned on 31 March 1901. This powerful light enabled visibility up to a distance of 24 nautical miles, significantly enhancing navigational safety along the Coromandel Coast.

Electrification and Modern Upgrades

The lighthouse was electrified in 1994, marking a major technological upgrade. Subsequently, the original light source was replaced with a metal halide lamp, improving efficiency and reliability while maintaining its vital role as a navigational aid.

Cultural and Philatelic Importance

Today, the Mahabalipuram Lighthouse stands as a prominent maritime landmark, complementing the town’s UNESCO World Heritage monuments. Recognising its historical, navigational, and cultural significance, the Department of Posts has issued a Commemorative Postage Stamp featuring the Mahabalipuram (Mamallapuram) Lighthouse, celebrating India’s rich lighthouse heritage.