International Symposium on Bustards, Jaipur

Bustards, belonging to the family Otididae, are striking, terrestrial birds found in open landscapes. Once abundant across various parts of Europe and beyond, their populations have dwindled significantly over the years. Today, they are only found in small numbers in certain regions of Africa, Europe, Australia, and India. The decline of bustards has raised alarm about the potential extinction of this avian family.

These gallinaceous birds vary in size, ranging from that of a domestic cock to larger than a peacock. They possess long legs and sturdy feet with three short, strong toes. Bustards exhibit both solitary and pair-bonding behaviors, with courtship displays showcasing their impressive plumage. Their diet includes grasses, herbs, plant parts, and various small animals such as insects, mice, lizards, and snails.

In India, the species known as the Great Indian Bustard (Choriotis nigriceps) has faced particular vulnerability. Efforts to protect this species began soon after India gained independence. In 1952, the Indian Board for Wildlife designated the bird as fully protected and endangered, a recommendation accepted by all state governments. The International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) Red Data Book also categorizes the species as endangered.

In 1969, during the IUCN General Assembly in New Delhi, Prime Minister Indira Gandhi underscored the importance of preserving the bustard. At that time, there were an estimated 1260 Great Indian Bustards in India. Subsequent scientific studies revealed habitat destruction, poaching, and egg trampling as primary factors contributing to their decline.

Despite these challenges, certain factors have aided the survival of the Great Indian Bustard. Their ability to move between grasslands and cultivated areas makes them less vulnerable to poaching. Additionally, their keen senses of sight and hearing enable them to evade danger effectively.

Currently, Great Indian Bustards are reported in states like Rajasthan, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Gujarat, and Madhya Pradesh. Conservation efforts include the establishment of sanctuaries and protected areas in these states. Various regional names are used to refer to the bird, such as Yerbhoot, Maldhok, Ghorad, Godawan, Hukna, and Tuqdar.

The International Symposium on Bustards held in Jaipur received sponsorship from organizations like the Tourism & Wildlife Society of India, the Government of India’s Central Arid Zone Research Institute, and the Rajasthan Government’s Department of Tourism Development Corporation. The Indian Posts and Telegraphs Department commemorated this event by issuing a special stamp.