International Year of Crystallography

Understanding Crystallography

Crystallography is the scientific study of the internal structure of matter using X-ray, neutron, and synchrotron radiation. Deeply rooted in mathematics, chemistry, physics, and life sciences, it reveals how atoms are arranged within solids. Modern advances in medicine, nanotechnology, biotechnology, and materials science owe much to the development of crystallographic techniques, which have transformed both research and practical applications in everyday life.

UN Declaration of IYCr 2014

In recognition of the profound influence crystallography has had on both basic and applied sciences, the United Nations declared 2014 as the International Year of Crystallography (IYCr2014). The year commemorated two historic milestones:

• 400 years since the first recognition of crystalline structures
• 100 years since the establishment of modern crystal system concepts in 1611

IYCr2014 highlighted the enormous impact of crystallography on scientific innovation, from understanding molecular structures to designing advanced materials that shape modern technology.

Strengthening Education and Scientific Awareness

During the International Year of Crystallography, significant efforts were made worldwide to promote education, research, and public engagement. The celebration aimed to:

• Emphasize the relevance of crystallography in scientific discovery
• Inspire young minds toward careers in science
• Strengthen the bond between science and society
• Improve understanding of how crystallography enables technological and medical progress

Through lectures, workshops, exhibitions, and outreach programs, the scientific community worked to make this complex subject more accessible and inspiring for students and educators.

Special Postal Cover Release

To mark this global scientific event, the Department of Posts released a special cover on 30 January 2014. The objective was to spread awareness of the significance of crystallography throughout the country, especially among students and youth. The issue highlighted the wide-ranging applications of this field and its essential role in shaping modern science.

Theme of the Stamp

The commemorative stamp issued on this occasion features themes associated with the science of crystallography. Crystallography underpins our understanding of:

• DNA, proteins, and enzymes
• Auto-catalysts and polymer materials
• High-temperature superconductors
• Advanced materials used in industry and technology

All these structures depend on the regular, repeating arrangement of atoms—the fundamental principle of crystallography.