Means of Transport

A Journey Through Time

Commemorative Postage Stamps Series

From the dawn of civilization, human progress has been closely linked with mobility. The history of transport is, in many ways, the history of human advancement. An efficient and coordinated transport system is essential for economic growth, social integration, and regional development. It connects people, facilitates trade, supports rural development, and strengthens national unity. Transport is not merely a convenience — it is the backbone of a nation’s progress.

Recognizing the importance and evolution of transport in India, the Department of Posts issued a complete set of 20 Commemorative Postage Stamps (presented in 5 Miniature Sheets) depicting the gradual progression of transportation modes in the country. This beautifully curated philatelic series showcases India’s journey from traditional conveyances to modern public transport systems.

1. Palanquin (Palki) – The Ancient Carrier

In ancient India, the Palanquin, popularly known as Palki, was an important mode of transport. The word derives from the Sanskrit term “Palanki”, meaning a bed or couch.

Made of wood and fitted with doors on both sides, the palki was carried by four or six men using a long pole attached lengthwise. It was commonly used by noblewomen, landlords, and during wedding ceremonies in medieval India. References to palanquins appear as early as the Ramayana.

The first set of four stamps in this series beautifully illustrates different models of palanquins. With the introduction of rickshaws and improved communication systems in the 20th century, the palki gradually became ceremonial, now seen mainly in traditional weddings.

2. Bullock Carts and Horse Carriages

Following the palanquin, bullock carts and horse-drawn carriages became prominent modes of transport across India.

• Bullock Cart (Ox Cart): A two- or four-wheeled vehicle pulled by oxen, widely used for transporting goods and people.
• Tonga: A light horse-drawn carriage used for passenger transport, often pulled by one or two horses.

These vehicles played a crucial role in rural and urban mobility and are still used in areas where modern transport infrastructure is limited.

Another set of four commemorative stamps portrays these traditional animal-drawn vehicles that once dominated Indian roads.

3. Rickshaw – The Urban Workhorse

The late 19th century marked another milestone in Indian transport history with the arrival of the rickshaw around 1880, first seen in Shimla and later in Kolkata. Initially used by Chinese traders for goods transport, it soon became a common passenger vehicle.

Originally a hand-pulled two- or three-wheeled cart, the rickshaw evolved over time into:

• Cycle Rickshaws
• Auto Rickshaws
• School Rickshaws

The set of four stamps dedicated to rickshaws captures their various forms, symbolizing urban livelihood and grassroots mobility.

4. Vintage Cars – The Dawn of Motor Transport

The first motorcar appeared on Indian roads in 1898. Initially imported, these cars were Western vintage models. During the interwar period, local assembly units were established in Mumbai, Kolkata, and Chennai.

Notable vintage cars featured in this commemorative stamp set include:

• Rolls-Royce Silver Ghost – Renowned as the “Best Car in the World” and among the most valuable vintage automobiles.
• Austin Twenty (1919–1930) – A large British car introduced after World War I.
• Chevrolet Series BA Confederate (1932) – An American model that maintained Chevrolet’s leading sales position despite the Great Depression.

The four stamps in this segment showcase these iconic automobiles, marking India’s transition into the motorized era.

5. Public Transport – The Lifeline of Modern India

Public transport plays a crucial role in economic and social mobility. The Passenger Road Transport Service (PRTS) remains central to India’s development.

This segment highlights:

• Trams – Introduced during British rule; still operational in Kolkata as an eco-friendly transport system.
• Buses and Double-Decker Buses – Serving over 90% of public transport needs in Indian cities.
• Metro Rail – A modern and rapidly expanding transport solution in major cities.

The final set of four stamps beautifully portrays these modes of public transport, reflecting India’s modernization and urban expansion.

Philatelic Significance

The complete set of 20 Commemorative Postage Stamps (5 Miniature Sheets) on Indian Transport is a remarkable tribute to the nation’s evolving mobility landscape. From the traditional palki to modern metro systems, this series documents India’s transport heritage and technological progress.

For philatelists, historians, and transport enthusiasts alike, this issue serves as a vibrant chronicle of how transportation has shaped India’s economic growth, cultural exchange, and social transformation.