Mughal Period

Fashion as a Universal Expression

Fashion has always been a universal language — a timeless form of expression that connects people across cultures and eras. In India’s long and illustrious sartorial history, the Mughal Period stands out as one of the most transformative eras, leaving a deep and lasting impact on the country’s clothing, textiles, and style traditions.

The Grandeur of Mughal Attire

The Mughal court symbolized magnificence, sophistication, and artistic refinement. Fashion during this period was not merely about garments; it was an extension of identity, status, and imperial splendor. The Mughal rulers introduced luxurious fabrics, intricate embroidery, and elegant silhouettes that became hallmarks of royal Indian attire.

Men’s Royal Wardrobe

For Mughal men, the jama was the principal royal garment — a long, flared robe tied at the side and often crafted from rich muslin, silk, or brocade. It was paired with a patka, a beautifully embroidered girdle that held the jewelled sword, symbolizing nobility and valor. Over the jama, men wore a choga, an elaborately embroidered long-sleeved coat. These garments featured fine detailing, gold threads, and vibrant hues that reflected their regal stature.

Women’s Regal Elegance

Mughal women were icons of grace and luxury, adorning themselves with finely crafted garments such as Peshwaj, Yalek, Pajama, Churidar, Dhilja, Garara, and Farshi. These outfits were enhanced with heavy embroidery, rich textures, and delicate veils. Jewellery played a vital role — from head ornaments and necklaces to anklets and bangles — each piece symbolized wealth, prosperity, and refinement.

Influence of Empress Nur Jahan

Among the most notable fashion influencers of the era was Empress Nur Jahan, consort of Emperor Jahangir. Renowned for her impeccable taste, she popularized styles such as short-sleeved jackets worn over kurtas and the use of sheer, delicately embroidered fabrics. Her innovations reflected both grace and confidence, setting trends across the empire.

Textile Innovations and Craftsmanship

The Mughal period witnessed a golden age in textile artistry. Techniques like zardozi (metal embroidery), zari (gold thread work), jamdani, and block printing flourished. Luxurious fabrics such as silk, velvet, and brocade became symbols of refinement. Mughal motifs — including flowers, vines, and paisleys — continue to influence Indian textile design to this day.

A Lasting Legacy

The fusion of Persian, Central Asian, and Indian influences during the Mughal era gave birth to a unique Indo-Islamic aesthetic, blending elegance with intricate craftsmanship. This period not only redefined Indian fashion but also set the foundation for many traditional styles that endure in modern India.

Commemoration

To honour this splendid era, the Department of Posts issued a commemorative stamp, celebrating the Mughal period’s contribution to Indian fashion and its enduring cultural heritage.