About this stamp
The events of April 13, 1919, marked a significant turning point in India’s struggle for independence. Until then, Indian nationalism had been led by peace-loving liberals, but the leadership shifted with Mahatma Gandhi’s arrival from South Africa. Gandhi’s philosophy of truth and non-violence ushered in an active phase of the freedom movement, characterized by open defiance of British authority.
The British responded to the rising nationalist sentiment with the Rowlatt Acts, which aimed to quell dissent. However, these Acts only fueled anger and discontent across the country. Gandhi called for passive resistance against the unjust laws, igniting a nationwide movement.
Nowhere was the resistance stronger than in Punjab, particularly in Amritsar. The arrest of prominent leaders like Dr. Kitchlew and Dr. Satyapal further inflamed public anger, leading to civil disorders and demonstrations. The situation escalated when General Dyer ordered troops to open fire on a gathering at Jallianwala Bagh on April 13, 1919.
The indiscriminate firing resulted in the deaths of hundreds and injuries to many more. The brutality of the massacre shocked the nation and galvanized support for the freedom struggle. Even the British authorities recognized the severity of the incident, leading to an inquiry and General Dyer’s retirement.
The sacrifices made by the martyrs of Jallianwala Bagh became the foundation of India’s liberty. As the nation commemorates the 50th anniversary of this pivotal event, the P&T Department honors their memory by issuing a special postage stamp.
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